Chapter 4

अध्याय ४
आयुः कर्म च वित्तं च विद्या निधनमेव च |
पञ्चैतानि हि सृजयन्ते गर्भस्थस्यैव देहिनः ||१||

Age, work, money, knowledge and death these five things are decided at the time when any living being takes birth.
साधुभ्यस्ते निवर्तन्ते पुत्रा मित्राणि बान्धवाः |
ये च तैः सह गन्तारस्तद्धर्मात्सुकृतं कुलम् ||२||

Son, friends, peers and relatives may be against great souls Sadhus, but if you follow the path as enlightened by Sadhu, you won’t regret it. The good deeds will make your family proud.
दर्शनध्यानसंस्पर्शैर्मत्सी कूर्मी च पक्षिणी |
शिशुं पालयते च नित्यं तथा सज्जनसंगतिः ||३||

Like fish who by showing, female birds by touching teach their young ones, similarly in the company, by just seeing them, of great minds and peoples will make you grow in the best way possible.
यावत्स्वस्थो ह्मयं देहो यावन्मृत्युश्च दूरतः |
तावदात्महितं कुर्यात् प्राणान्ते किं करिष्यति ||४||

Till the time you are healthy, does not suffer any disease and death is far, is the time you should do some good deeds, giving alms to poor people and working for the humankind. After death you won`t be able to do anything.
कामधेनुगुणा विद्या ह्मकाले फलदायिनी |
प्रवासे मातृसदृशी विद्या गुप्तं धनं स्मृतम् ||५||

Knowledge is similar to Kamdhenu, because it will be useful all the time irrespective whether it is required or not. Knowledge is said to be like mother in foreign, because it is just because of this you would be able to survive, and overcome any difficulty. It is even said secret weapon.

वरमेको गुणी पुत्रो निर्गुणैश्च शतैरपि |
एकश्चन्द्रस्तमो हन्ति न च ताराः सहस्त्रशः ||६||

Hundreds of foolish and useless sons are simply waste. Just one son having good qualities is better than them. Just one moon is enough for ending darkness, and thousands of stars are alone are just useless.



मूर्खश्चिरायुर्जातोऽपि तस्माज्जातमृतो वरः |
मृतः स चाऽल्पदुःखाय यावज्जीवं जडो दहेत् ||७||

Foolish son of long age is worse than the foolish son dyeing as soon as taking the birth. His death will cause sadness for that time only, but if he lives longer you will regret each day of your life.
कुग्रामवासः कुलहीनसेवा कुभोजनं क्रोधमुखी च भार्या |
पुत्रश्च मुर्खो च कन्या विनाऽग्निना षट् प्रदहन्ति कायम् ||८||

Living in bad village, working for lower class people, eating bad food, angry wife, foolish son and widow daughter burns your body without fire.
किं तया क्रियते धेन्वा या न दोग्ध्री न च गुर्भिणी |
कोऽर्थः पुत्रेण जातेन् यो विद्वान न भक्तिमान् ||९||

There is no use of such cow that neither gives milk nor get pregnant. Similarly there is no use of such child is neither intelligent nor worship.
संसार तापदग्धानां त्रयो विश्रान्तिहेतवः |
अपत्यं च कलत्रं च सतां संगतिरेव च ||१०||

To get rid of all pain and tension of the world you need just three things to ease out, son who is intelligent and do good deeds, wife who loves his husband, and company of great intelligent peoples.
सकृज्जल्पन्ति राजानः सकृज्जमपन्ति पण्डिताः |
सकृत् कन्याः प्रदीयन्ते त्रोण्येतानि सकृत्सकृत् ||११||

King gives is verdict just once, knowledgeable people speaks only once and daughter are given just once. These three things are not repeated and are done only once.
एकाकिना तपो द्वाभ्यां पठनं गायनं त्रिभिः |
चतुर्भिर्गमनं क्षेत्रं पञ्चभिर्बहुभिर्रणः ||१२||

Meditation is done alone; study is done in the company of two peoples. Three people together can sing, travel is best with four peoples. Agriculture is done best with five people working and for war we need lots of peoples.
सा भार्या या शुचिर्दक्षा सा भार्या या पतिव्रता |
सा भार्या या पतिप्रीता सा भार्या सत्यवादिनी ||१३||

She is wife who has beauty of head and heart and does the work in most efficient way. Those wives are great who love her husband. Only those wives are lucky who are either loved by their spouse or make their spouse life full of love and care.



अपुत्रस्य गृहं शून्यः दिशः शून्यास्त्वबान्धवाः |
मूर्खस्य ह्रदयं शून्यं सर्वशून्या दरिद्रता ||१४||

Without son, man abode is empty. Without relatives all direction for the man is empty. Foolish man has his heart empty. And indigent man has everything empty in his life.
अनभासे विषं शास्त्रमजीर्णे भोजनं विषम् |
दरिद्रस्य विषं गोष्ठी वृद्धस्य तरुणी विषम् ||१५||

Without practice even Shastra are poisonous, till the time food is completely digested eating again is poisonous, for indigent man everything is poisonous and for old people women are poisonous.
त्यजेद्धर्मं दयाहीनं विद्याहीनं गुरूं त्यजेत् |
त्यजेत्क्रोधमुखीं भार्या निःस्नेहान् बान्धवांस्त्यजेत ||१६||

Man should abandon that religion in which there is no mercy. Desolate that teacher who has no knowledge, give up wife who always remains angry, and forsake those relative who do not love you.
अध्वा जरा मनुष्याणां वाजिनां बन्धनं जरा |
अमैथुनं जरा स्त्रीणां वस्त्राणामातपो जरा ||१७||

Walking too much makes men old. Horses all the time tied makes them old. Women who do not have sex get old faster, and sun makes clothe wear and tear.
कः कालः कानि मित्राणि को देशः कौ व्ययाऽऽगमौ |
कश्चाऽहं का च मे शक्तिरिति चिन्त्यं मूहूर्मूहूः ||१८||

You should give some time and think about what is the time, who are my friends, which is my country, what are my credit and debit, who am I, what is my strength? Thinking these things will definitely pave your way to much higher positions.

जनिता चोपनेता च यस्तु विद्यां प्रयच्छति |
अन्नदाता भयत्राता पञ्चैते पितरः स्मृताः ||१९||

Five people are said to be like father, who give you birth, who teach you what is right or wrong, teacher who gives you knowledge, who gives you to eat and who defend you form fear.
राजपत्नी गुरोः पत्नी मित्रपत्नी तथैव च |
पत्नीमाता स्वमाता च पञ्चैता मातरः स्मृताः ||२०||

Wife of king, wife of teacher, wife of friend, mother of your wife and mother who gave you birth all are mother like figure.



अग्निर्देवो द्विजातीनां मुनीनां ह्वदि दैवतम् |
प्रतिमा स्वल्पबुद्धीनां सर्वत्र समदर्शिनः ||२१||

For Brahmin, Kshatriya and Vaishya god is in fire, for hermit god lives in heart. For foolish people god live in idol and for intelligent people god live everywhere.